RMAN详细教程(四):备份脚本实战操作
2021-01-29 07:47:31
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RMAN详细教程(一):基本命令代码
RMAN详细教程(二):备份、检查、维护、恢复
RMAN详细教程(三):备份脚本的组件和注释
RMAN详细教程(四):备份脚本实战操作
1、为了安全起见,先将数据库完全导出:
exp 用户名/密码@ORACLE file=/backup/ecology_$(date '+%Y%m%d').dmp full=y;
2、因为是数据库操作,所以应切换成Oracle用户:
su - oracle
3、检查数据库是否打开归档模式,如否,则打开SQLPLUS执行以下命令:
archive log list;alter system set log_archive_dest_n='location=/u01/backupws '; shutdown immediate; startup mount;alter database archivelog;alter database open;
4、将rman脚本文件放置到backup_sh
目录下:
(1)全库备份(一周三次)
rman_ecology_all.sh
run {allocate channel a1 device type disk format '/backup/ecology_all_%T_%u';allocate channel a2 device type disk format '/backup/ecology_all_%T_%u';backup database skip offline plus archivelog delete all input;backup current controlfile;release channel a1;release channel a2; }allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;delete obsolete;crosscheck backupset;
(2)归档日志备份(一周四次)
rman_ecology_arc.sh
run {allocate channel b1 device type disk format '/backup/ecology_arc_%T_%u';allocate channel b2 device type disk format '/backup/ecology_arc_%T_%u';backup archivelog all;backup current controlfile;release channel b1;release channel b2; }allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;crosscheck backupset;
5、编写RMAN脚本的运行脚本:
mkdir -p /backup/
# 创建目录(-p表示不存在则新建,若存在则忽略)touch run_rman_ecology_all.sh
# 创建all运行脚本touch run_rman_ecology_arc.sh
# 创建arc运行脚本
vi run_rman_ecology_all.shexport ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/db_1export ORACLE_SID=ecology /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/db_1/bin/rman target / log=/backup/all_ecology_$(date +%F).log cmdfile=/backup_sh/rman_ecology_all.sh
vi run_rman_ecology_arc.shexport ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/db_1export ORACLE_SID=ecology /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/db_1/bin/rman target / log=/backup/arc_ecology_$(date +%F).log cmdfile=/backup_sh/rman_ecology_arc.sh
6、添加执行权限:
chmod +x /backup_sh/run_rman_ecology_all.sh
chmod +x /backup_sh/run_rman_ecology_arc.sh
PS:
需使用root用户。
7、手动测试脚本,成功之后再下一步。
若报错,则直接打开/var/spool/mail/登陆用户名
,查看日志并改正。
8、添加定时任务:
周三五七晚20:00全库,周一二四六晚20:00归档日志
crontab -e00 20 * * 0,3,5 sh /backup_sh/run_rman_ecology_all.sh >> /backup/rman_crontab_all.log 2>&100 20 * * 1,2,4,6 sh /backup_sh/run_rman_ecology_arc.sh >> /backup/rman_crontab_arc.log 2>&1
格式是“分 时 日 月 周 要执行的命令或脚本”。
9、重启计划任务:
service cron restart